Visible Opacity of M Dwarfs and Hot Jupiters: The TiO B 3Π−X 3Δ Band System

Abstract The TiO B 3 Π − X Δ electronic transition ( γ ′ system) is an important opacity source in the atmospheres of M dwarfs and hot Jupiter exoplanets. 0–0, 1–0, 2–1 bands band system have been analyzed using a emission spectrum recorded at McMath-Pierce Solar Telescope, operated by National Observatory Kitt Peak, Arizona. Improved spectroscopic equilibrium constants were determined. Line strengths calculated from ab initio transition-dipole moment function scaled experimental lifetime. A new line list for $v^{\prime} =0\mbox{--}2$?> v accent="false">′ = 0 – 2 v ″ = 0–4 provided.